Knowing who to call, what to say, and what happens next makes reporting elder abuse far less daunting. Here is the simple roadmap.
Who do I call to report elder abuse?
For immediate danger or a crime in progress, call 911. For non-emergencies, report to Adult Protective Services (APS), which investigates abuse, neglect, and exploitation of vulnerable adults living in the community. Each state runs its own APS, so use the federal Eldercare Locator at 1-800-677-1116 (Monday-Friday, 9 a.m.-8 p.m. ET) to reach the correct agency. For financial fraud against anyone 60 or older, call the National Elder Fraud Hotline at 833-FRAUD-11. For abuse inside a nursing home or assisted living facility, contact your state's Long-Term Care Ombudsman.
What information should I have ready?
You do not need proof to report; investigators determine whether abuse occurred. Still, helpful details include the older adult's name, address, and contact information; your relationship to them; a description of what you witnessed or suspect; dates and times; the names of anyone involved; and whether the person is in immediate danger. Note any injuries, unexplained financial changes, or unsafe conditions. If you have photos, statements, or documents, keep them. Reporting is usually free, can often be done anonymously, and many states shield good-faith reporters from liability.
What happens after you report?
Adult Protective Services reviews the report and, if it meets criteria, assigns a caseworker to investigate, often within days for urgent cases. The investigator may visit the older adult, assess safety, and coordinate medical, legal, or social services. APS respects the wishes of mentally competent adults, who can decline services. Law enforcement may get involved for crimes, and free legal aid can pursue protective orders or asset recovery. If you are unsure which agency to call, dial 1-800-MEDIGAP (1-800-633-4427) and we will help point you to the right one.